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Washington - The Obama administration is putting a large dent in the US embargo against Cuba as of Friday, significantly loosening restrictions on American trade and investment.
The new rules also open up the communist island to greater American travel and allow US citizens to start bringing home small amounts of Cuban cigars after more than a half-century ban.
Thursday's announcement of new Treasury and Commerce Department regulations are the next step in President Barack Obama's ambitious goal of re-establishing diplomatic relations with the government of Cuban President Raul Castro, Fidel's younger brother.
They come three days after US officials confirmed the release of 53 political prisoners Cuba had promised to free.
Only Congress can end the five-decade embargo. But the measures give permission for Americans to use credit cards in Cuba and US companies to export telephone, computer and internet technologies. Investments in some small business are permitted.
General tourist travel is still prohibited, but Americans authorised to visit Cuba need no longer apply for special licenses.
Obama vowed to soften the embargo last month and begin restoring diplomatic ties with Havana, saying "these 50 years have shown that isolation has not worked".
Entire embargo unlikely to fall soon
The deal was the product of 18 months of secret talks that culminated in the exchange of imprisoned spies and release of Alan Gross, a US government contractor who had been imprisoned in Cuba for five years.
The sudden rapprochement between Cold War foes has divided US lawmakers across party lines and interests. Among Republicans and Democrats in Congress, Cuban-Americans such as Senators Marco Rubio of Florida and Bob Menendez of New Jersey have been particularly vocal in opposition.
But some pro-business types have welcomed the opportunity to open up a new export market in a country so close to American shores.
The head of the US Chamber of Commerce, for example, said on Wednesday it was better for the US to sell computers, smartphones and cars to Cuba than to cede such business to countries like Russia and China. Still, the embargo as a whole appears unlikely to fall anytime soon.
Starting on Friday, US companies will be able to export mobile phones, televisions, memory devices, recording devices, computers and software to a country with notoriously poor Internet and telecommunications infrastructure.
The goal is to "contribute to the ability of the Cuban people to communicate with people within Cuba, in the United States, and the rest of the world," according to a Treasury Department fact sheet. Internet-based communications will fall under a general license.
Americans permitted to travel to Cuba for family visits, official US government business, journalism, research, education, religious activity and other reasons fall under a US general license and don't need to apply for a separate license.
A limit on remittance payments to family members in Cuba will be raised to $8 000 per year, from $2 000 per year. Americans visiting Cuba will be allowed to bring home $100 in alcohol and tobacco products, and $400 in total goods.
Other changes include:
—No more limits on how much money Americans spend in Cuba each day or what they spend it on.
—Permissible use of US credit and debit cards.
—Travel agents and airlines can fly to Cuba without a special license.
—Insurance companies can provide coverage for health, life and travel insurance policies for individuals residing in or visiting Cuba.
—Financial institutions may open accounts at Cuban banks to facilitate authorised transactions.
—Investments can be made in some small businesses and agricultural operations.
—Companies may ship building materials and equipment to private Cuban companies to renovate private buildings.
The US and Cuba are scheduled to hold migration talks in Havana next week, the next step in their normalisation process.
Leading the American delegation is Roberta Jacobson, the top US diplomat for Latin America. Her visit marks the highest-level trip to Cuba by a US official since 1980.
Further down the road, Washington envisions reopening the US Embassy in Havana and carrying out high-level exchanges and visits between the governments. Secretary of State John Kerry could travel to the island later this year.
