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New Delhi - India, the world's top gold consumer, on Wednesday hiked import duty on the precious metal to stem surging demand and reduce the country's ballooning current account deficit.
Gold purchases are one of the biggest contributors to India's current account deficit - the broadest measure of trade - which widened to just under five percent from 4.2% the previous year as imports outpaced exports.
The import duty on gold had been raised from six percent to eight percent, Revenue Secretary Sumit Bose told the Press Trust of India news agency.
The import duty hike was the second since the start of the year. Last year the government doubled the duty on gold to four percent.
Indians bought 162 tonnes of gold last month, twice the customary amount, as they sought to exploit a slide in global prices.
The hike is part of a wider set of measures to improve the finances of Asia's third-largest economy, which faces stubbornly high inflation, a sharp slowdown in growth as well as the hefty current and fiscal account deficits.
Ratings agencies have threatened to downgrade India's sovereign investment rating to junk status unless the government takes steps to clean up the nation's finances.
India has long been the world's biggest buyer of gold with purchases strongest during the religious festival and wedding seasons.
Last year's rise in the import duty on gold dampened demand temporarily but purchases soon picked up again.
Many Indians - especially in rural areas where there are few banks - buy gold in the form of jewellery, bars and coins as a hedge against inflation.
Finance Minister P. Chidambaram has said that gold imports must be curtailed, leading the Reserve Bank of India to take separate steps to curb imports.
Gold has fallen 16% since the start of the year as investors bet that the US Federal Reserve may soon start unwinding its financial stimulus as the US economy shows signs of recovery.
