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Tokyo - Leaked e-mails reveal a cultural gulf between Japan's Sony and Hollywood subsidiary Sony Pictures Entertainment, highlighting the challenge of CEO Kazuo Hirai to turn around the money-losing company under the slogan "One Sony".
The Japanese conglomerate is heading for its fifth net loss in six years, raising questions about its ability to hold on to businesses ranging from making television sets to movies.
While activist hedge fund investor Daniel Loeb has given up his call for Sony to spin off its entertainment arm, others believe it should exit weak product lines such as TVs.
Bilingual Hirai is linked to both sides of Sony, having experience at both the video games and music businesses. He is therefore widely considered one of the company's few executives capable of bringing together the manufacturing and movie-making cultures of Tokyo and Hollywood.
But along with racial jokes related to US President Barack Obama and disparaging remarks about top actors, leaked e-mails from Sony Pictures executives reveal tension between Hirai and the film studio.
Investigation
The e-mails were leaked following a cyber attack on Sony's computer systems in November by a group demanding the company pull upcoming film The Interview, a comedy criticised by North Korea for depicting the assassination of its leader.
They show Hirai ordered the film to be toned down and encountered resistance from the film's creators including co-director and actor Seth Rogen. Sony Pictures co-chair Amy Pascal tried to mediate.
The e-mails also show film executives viewed Hirai and chief financial officer Kenichiro Yoshida with trepidation ahead of cost cuts aimed at increasing profit margins.
Sony Pictures CEO Michael Lynton in October forwarded to Pascal an e-mail from Yoshida, marked "confidential" and seeking "serious consideration to modifying the Entertainment executives compensation plans".
"This is also what I am now dealing with," he wrote.
Sony declined to comment for this article and Hirai was not made available for interview.
Company sources said Sony Pictures was taking the lead in the investigation and that Hirai was briefed frequently. People close to the investigation told Reuters the North Korean state is a principal suspect.
The hack comes as Hirai is trying to prove Sony is better off with all of its businesses including cameras, films and insurance under one roof.
Drastic cuts
In 2013, Loeb called on Hirai to sell part of the entertainment business to fund restructuring in its electronics arm. That, Loeb said, would also force the market to assess the value of the entertainment business more highly.
That business has recently been helping to partially offset weakness in smartphones. Last month, Hirai forecast sales at the Sony Pictures to rise to as much as $11bn in three years, 36% more than current business year.
"The entertainment segment has maintained profitability for 18 years straight, and as a generator of stable profit, it is a major pillar of the Sony Group," Hirai told investors on 18 November, days before the hack became apparent.
Sony shares have risen around 18% this year in recognition of Hirai's turnaround efforts. In September, however, Sony cut its outlook for the sixth time on Hirai's watch.
Many investors and analysts now believe Hirai should make more drastic cuts in its electronics arm.
Jefferies analyst Atul Goyal said Yoshida's appointment this year spurred change, such as an exit from personal computers. Goyal said Sony could eventually sell its TV set business.
Mitsushige Akino, chief fund manager at Ichiyoshi Asset Management, said Sony should also exit the commoditised smartphone market as well.
"Phones, TVs... It would be better to wind down those areas, and soon," he said.
Sony should focus instead on highly-profitable products such as its image sensors which are used in smartphones including Apple's iPhones, he said.
"There's no reason to do everything."
