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Singapore - A dearth of big-name share listings of overseas firms and a multi-billion-dollar penny-stock crash have hampered the growth ambitions of Singapore's stock exchange as Asian rivals flourish, analysts say.
Singapore Exchange Limited (SGX), the sole stock market operator in the city-state, on April 23 reported that net profits slumped 22.4% year-on-year in March, as total securities trading volume fell 47% in the same period.
That, market observers say, highlights the bourse's main problem - soft volumes, which make it less attractive for fresh share offerings from around Southeast Asia.
To compound its woes, sentiment was hit when three penny-stock companies - Asiasons Capital, LionGold, and Blumont Group - suffered a rout in October that wiped around Sg$8bn from their value in two days after a huge rally.
In a statement accompanying its latest earnings report, SGX said despite continuing weakness it is "confident that our securities market will recover over time and we remain committed to our long-term strategies".
While its major players include state-linked firms such as Singapore Telecom, DBS Bank and Singapore Airlines, the bourse says 40% of its listed companies are foreign.
But Desmond Chua, a Singapore-based market analyst at trading firm CMC Markets, said "low market volatility for some time now and slowing number of initial public offerings (IPOs)" have hurt the exchange.
"Retail investors are also concerned after the October penny stock crash. Penny stocks have historically been a sector in local markets that offered high returns and drive volume," he told AFP.
The central bank, the Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS), and the police white-collar crime unit are investigating possible trading irregularities that could have led to the crash.
'Onerous' reforms eyed
MAS and SGX have mooted sweeping regulatory reforms in the wake of the scandal, including minimum trading prices for mainboard shares, short-selling reporting and collateral requirements for securities trading.
However, Chua said new companies looking to list may view the flagged curbs as onerous.
"IPOs could be affected with the regulatory changes. As it is, we have had only two big ones this year and there don't seem to be many in the pipeline," he said.
Those that have listed recently have been relatively small.
Property group OUE raised Sg$346m in a commercial real estate investment trust (Reit) listing in January, while oil services firm Pacc Offshore Service Holdings, controlled by Malaysia's richest man Robert Kuok, debuted on April 25 in a Sg$388m IPO.
The exchange's last big IPO was a Sg$1.6bn Reit in February last year by Mapletree, the real estate arm of Singapore state investment company Temasek Holdings.
A total of $5.17bn in IPO equity funds were raised on the SGX in 2013. But that compares with $21.77bn in Hong Kong and $10.15bn in Tokyo, while it was only marginally higher than $5.09bn in Bangkok, according to Dealogic data published on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange website.
In terms of average daily trading value, the SGX ranks ahead of Bursa Malaysia and the Indonesia Stock Exchange, but is behind the Stock Exchange of Thailand (Set).
Man United miss
The exchange has also missed out on listings in the past, namely English football giants Manchester United, who decided against an IPO in the city in 2012 owing to weak demand. Instead the club opted for the New York Stock Exchange.
And Formula One boss Bernie Ecclestone has delayed on a number of occasions a multi-billion-dollar IPO, although he has said it will go ahead "when we think the time is right".
Benjamin Ong, an investment analyst at Phillip Securities, said: "Trading liquidity in part determines the attractiveness of choosing to list in Singapore."
Further dampening the SGX's prospects, say Ong and Chua, could be a plan to allow cross-trading between Hong Kong and Shanghai's stock markets.
"The capital market connectivity between China and Hong Kong will make the Hong Kong Stock Exchange more attractive for companies wanting to tap on Chinese demand," Chua said.
But Singapore's Business Times reported that at last week's earnings briefing, SGX chief executive Magnus Bocker maintained the IPO pipeline remained "very robust".
And Ong said the city's global reputation for being business-friendly and its position as a hub for fast-growing Southeast Asia put the bourse on a firm footing in the long term.
"Singapore's economic conditions and political stability continue to make the SGX attractive, and it should continue focusing on the Asean (Association of Southeast Asian Nations) growth story," he said.
