Johannesburg - A fiscal crisis gripping Swaziland, Africa's last absolute
monarchy, is deepening despite an emergency $370m loan from South Africa
earlier this month, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) said on Wednesday.
After a visit by its representative to the landlocked
nation, the IMF urged the government to make further cuts to
what is officially the continent's most bloated democracy to try to balance its
books.
However, it gave a candid assessment of reforms so far,
saying the appointed administration of King Mswati III, who has at least a dozen
wives and a personal fortune estimated at $200m, had missed several targets to
cut a budget deficit of more than 14% of gross domestic product.
"The mission advised the government to pass a
supplementary budget to cut expenditures, while preserving pro-poor spending,
and strengthen expenditure controls in order to restore fiscal
sustainability," it said in a statement.
The Washington-based institution, which has refused to lend
money until Swaziland takes a hatchet to its massive public wage bill, also
urged the government to pay back money borrowed in emergency from the central
bank, lest it jeopardise a one-to-one currency peg with South Africa's rand.
"Preserving the parity with the South African rand is
of utmost priority," the IMF said, adding that central bank reserves had
dropped to $554m, or 2.2 months of import cover, as of August 26.
Three months' import cover is widely considered the minimum
for a stable currency.
Swaziland's fiscal problems stem from a 2009 recession in
South Africa which triggered a collapse in revenues from the Sacu regional
customs union that has historically accounted for two-thirds of Swaziland's
budget.
The government has kept its head above water by using
central bank reserves and running up at least $180m in unpaid bills. Its
efforts to cut public spending and raise taxes from a moribund economy have met
with little success.
The budget crunch sparked unprecedented public protests
against Mswati, who is accused of running the country of 1.4 million people as
his personal fiefdom.
Dissident groups inside and outside the country - where
political parties are banned - are hoping the cash crunch will force political
change, although the South African loan has bought the government time.