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Moscow - Russia and Ukraine agreed on Monday to consider a proposal for Kiev to pay off a multi-billion-dollar gas bill that has soured relations between Moscow and Kiev, while fighting raged all day in eastern Ukraine.
Russia accused North Atlantic Treaty Organization (Nato) of whipping up dangerous tensions near its borders and encouraging Ukraine to use force against pro-Russian separatists.
At a tense meeting in Brussels, the alliance urged Moscow to stop arming the rebels.
In Luhansk, at least two people were killed and several injured in an explosion which separatists controlling the eastern city said was the result of an air strike by the Ukrainian military.
This was denied by Kiev, which said it was caused by separatists who had launched a heat-seeking rocket at a Ukrainian plane but the missile had zeroed in instead on the rebel-occupied regional administration building.
Ukraine and its Western allies accuse Moscow of fuelling the pro-Russian uprising that threatens to break up the former Soviet republic of 45 million people.
Russia denies orchestrating the unrest, and says Ukraine's attempts to end it by military force are making the situation worse.
In an a sign of rapprochement, Russia's and Ukraine's gas companies agreed to consider a plan for Kiev to pay off its outstanding gas debts, including a proposal that should ensure security of supply until June 2015, European Union Energy Commissioner Guenther Oettinger said.
Earlier, in a conciliatory signal, Russia's Gazprom had given Ukraine until June 9 to resolve the two countries' long-running row over gas pricing, postponing a threat to cut off supplies as early as Tuesday.
Following around six hours of talks in Brussels brokered by the European Commission, Oettinger said the company chief executives and their governments would now consider the proposal. He said another round of three-way talks could take place in the coming days
But two top Russian officials turned up the volume of Cold War-style rhetoric in the worst East-West crisis since the fall of Communism a quarter of a century ago.
Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said Moscow would submit a draft resolution to the United Nations Security Council later on Monday, calling for an immediate end to the violence in eastern Ukraine and the creation of humanitarian corridors to help civilians escape the fighting.
In pointed comments aimed at newly elected Ukrainian president Petro Poroshenko, Lavrov said that Western nations had assured Russia the situation in Ukraine would improve after the May 25 election that brought him to power. Instead of that, he said, "everything is happening in exactly the opposite way".
"People are dying every day. Peaceful civilians are suffering more and more - the army, military aviation and heavy weapons continue to be used against them," Lavrov told reporters in Moscow.
'Unprecedented activity'
In Brussels, Russia's envoy to Nato accused the Western alliance of exacerbating the crisis.
"We have noticed unprecedented Nato activity near Russia's borders. It is excessive, inappropriate, and weakens stability, security and predictability in the Euro-Atlantic region," state-run RIA news agency quoted Alexander Grushko as saying.
A Nato spokesperson said alliance members called on Russia "to stop the flow of arms and weapons across the border, to stop supporting armed separatists in Ukraine and to withdraw in a full and verifiable manner their troops from the Ukrainian border".
Russia denies arming the rebels or orchestrating the unrest, although increasing numbers of Russian fighters have been seen on the separatist side.
President-elect Poroshenko and Ukraine's pro-Western government have defied Moscow's repeated calls for an end to what Kiev calls its 'anti-terrorist' operation against armed separatists in the eastern Donetsk and Luhansk regions, who want to follow the example of Crimea by splitting from Ukraine and joining Russia.
New deadline
Poroshenko is due to be inaugurated on Saturday and will immediately face an array of crises, including the new deadline in the gas dispute.
Since the overthrow of pro-Russian Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovich in February, Russia has demanded a sharp increase in the price Ukraine pays for gas. Kiev says it cannot afford it and wants the discounted price it negotiated in the past.
While the dispute has dragged on, Gazprom has continued billing Kiev at the higher rate. It says Ukraine already owes it more than $5bn in unpaid bills and is running up more debt at a rate of more than $1bn per month.
But after Kiev paid off $786m of its gas debt, Gazprom announced a six-day extension of the deadline until June 9. Gazprom also said that it would not sue Ukraine's gas supplier Naftogaz over unpaid bills during the coming week.
The dispute has wider energy implications for Europe, which gets a third of its gas needs from Russia, and almost half of these supplies via Ukraine.
Rising violence
Despite a pullback of some of the tens of thousands of Russian troops on the border with Ukraine, violence increased in the east of the country at the start of last week, with dozens of pro-Moscow rebel fighters killed in a government assault. Many were Russians, whose bodies were sent back across the border.
In Monday's fighting, Ukrainian security sources said a force of separatists had occupied the upper floors of an apartment block and were shooting into the border post on the southern edge of Luhansk, a city very close to the frontier with Russia.
A separatist fighter, Alexander Gureyev, said a Ukrainian fighter plane had shot at the regional administration building. "There are dead and injured in the city," he said.
The Russian Foreign Ministry also said there had been an air strike in Luhansk. "The authorities in Kiev have committed another crime against their own people," a statement on the ministry's website said.
Interfax-Ukraine news agency quoted a health official as saying that an explosion in the building had killed two people. Ukrainian authorities denied they had conducted an air strike.
