Paris - The OECD called on European Union leaders on Tuesday to ease the
pace of austerity, saying aggressive budget cuts to curtail the eurozone’s
debts threaten to suck the currency area into a downward spiral that could
spill over into the global economy.
German-led fiscal austerity policies have so far dominated
the EU’s approach to solving Europe’s devastating public debt
crisis as leaders try to win back investors’ confidence.
But efforts to reduce
deficits have caused the eurozone’s economy to stagnate, making it harder to
reach EU-mandated targets.
“The risk is increasing of a vicious circle, involving high
and rising sovereign indebtedness, weak banking systems, excessive fiscal
consolidation and lower growth,” said Pier Carlo Padoan, the chief economist of
the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development.
The drag on growth was evident in the Paris-based think
tank’s forecast for the 17-nation eurozone, which sees the bloc’s economy
shrinking 0.1% this year and only growing 0.9% in 2013 - less than half the
United States’ projected growth next year.
Unemployment is likely to reach a new record of 11.1% of the
working population, it said.
“There is scope for easing the pace (of debt reduction in
some countries),” Padoan said in the OECD’s economic outlook.
“For Spain and other countries, if there are unforeseen
drops in economic activity then the fiscal necessary adjustment which ensues
should only be done very gradually,” he told Reuters in an interview before the
report’s official release.
Spain, France and the Netherlands will miss their 2013
deadline to cut to 3% or less of gross domestic product unless they take
action, the European Commission said this month, which could lead to financial
sanctions under EU rules.
But Spain’s economy, already in recession, is likely to
shrink more this year as Madrid tries to implement the deficit cuts, adding to
doubts over the country’s ability to manage its finances without emergency aid.
According to OECD calculations, efforts to reduce deficits
during a downturn are self-defeating because about a third of the planned cuts
are erased by the contraction in the economy.
Italian Premier Mario Monti has won an ally in new French
President Francois Hollande in trying to shift Europe’s focus to growth, as
well as reining in debts, and Hollande aims to push measures to boost the
economy at an EU summit on Wednesday.
Hollande will meet Spanish Prime Minister Mariano Rajoy in
Paris hours before the summit in Brussels and the two are likely to discuss
steps to stimulate growth and create jobs.
The OECD signalled its support for the kind of growth
measures backed by Hollande, Monti and Rajoy.
They include issuing bonds jointly underwritten by all
eurozone countries to recapitalise banks, increasing the resources of the
European Investment Bank to fund infrastructure projects and redirecting EU
development funds to create jobs.
“Given the likely slow growth of private demand during the
prolonged period of adjustment... actions at the European level could help to
speed up the process and generate a more propitious environment in which to
undertake structural reforms,” the report said.
“EU-wide measures would strengthen activity... by boosting confidence and making it easier to achieve the intra euro rebalancing effort,” the OECD said.