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Paris - Fears that a looming US fine on BNP Paribas could be big enough to force it to raise capital and restrict its dividends hit France's biggest bank on Friday, driving its shares to their lowest level in more than eight months.
France's central bank said it was following the case "with the utmost attention" after a report in the Wall Street Journal said the US Justice Department wanted $10bn from the bank - double the amount previously reported.
BNP declined to comment on the report.
Shares in BNP dropped as much as 6% to their lowest in more than eight months, slashing almost $5bn off the bank's stock market value. The decline took its loss to 18% since February 13, when the bank first took a €1.1bn provision for a potential sanctions fine as part of a total litigation provision of €2.7bn.
Analysts at Citigroup noted a fine of the magnitude reported would cut BNP's capital ratio to below 10% - a level seen as key to staying out of the danger zone as the European Union carris out "stress tests" of banks' financial health.
"This is not good news as we approach the stress tests ... A capital increase may very well be a solution," said Yohan Salleron, a fund manager at Mandarine Gestion in Paris who cut his exposure to the bank at the start of the year.
"Potentially the bank may not pay a dividend for the next two years ... There is a very real reputation risk."
The US Justice Department's investigation is a criminal probe into allegations that the French bank evaded US sanctions against Iran and other countries for years.
The newspaper report said the final settlement could be less than $10bn. Still, the multibillion dollar figure would put the fine among the largest penalties imposed on a bank and is far higher than what BNP has provisioned for.
Investors also fear BNP could face being excluded from activities in the United States should it not accept a hefty fine. They want a quick settlement to avoid further uncertainty.
France's government has said little about the issue since early this year when it first came to a head. President Francois Hollande was sharply critical of banks and their part in the financial crisis ahead of taking power in 2012, calling the world of finance his "main adversary".
An official at Prime Minister Manuel Valls' office said it was being kept informed but the issue was "a matter between a private business and US justice".
Utmost attention
However, since Credit Suisse agreed to pay more than $2.5bn for helping Americans avoid taxes, French central bank chief Christian Noyer has expressed concerns about US prosecutors' pursuit of European banks.
A week ago Noyer said: "Obviously we are very attentive towards risks related to what could be a development in American jurisprudence." A central bank spokesperson said on Friday Noyer was following the case "with the utmost attention".
Also on Friday, the hard-right National Front, which secured more votes than Hollande's Socialists and mainstream parties of the right in recent elections, called the affair a "racket" and said the government should "defend and protect the interests of millions of French depositors".
BNP chief executive Jean-Laurent Bonnafe and the bank's lawyers met with the New York Department of Financial Services in early May to plead for leniency, sources familiar with the discussions have told Reuters.
One source said the regulator, led by Benjamin Lawsky, was offering to spare the bank revocation of its licence provided other stiff penalties were included in the settlement.
Such penalties could include temporarily suspending dollar clearing through New York and terminating more than a dozen employees, though no final decision has been made, the source said.
US authorities have pursued several foreign banks for violating US sanctions on Iran and other countries, alleging the banks did business with entities associated with sanctioned countries, or stripped data from wire transfers so they could go through the US financial system without raising red flags.
Past US settlements have ensnared rivals such as Standard Chartered, which agreed in 2012 to pay $327m for violating US sanctions against Iran, Sudan, Burma and Libya. The bank was separately fined $340m by New York's banking regulator over Iranian sanctions.
HSBC was fined $1.9bn in December 2012 for compliance failings in Mexico, which US prosecutors said allowed drug cartels to launder money, and for enabling clients to avoid US sanctions on dealings with countries such as Iran, Libya, Sudan, Myanmar and Cuba.
The finance ministry and Hollande's office declined comment.
BNP stock was down 4.5% at €50.22 by 13:43.
